Factors assessed in the first year of a longitudinal study predict subsequent study visit compliance: the TEDDY study

Table 2 Final multivariate model associations between early collected variables and subsequent study visit compliance (mothers data)

Variable	n	B	95%CI	p value
Sociodemographic
Country				< 0.001
Sweden	1491		Reference
US	1426	− 0.17	− 0.26, − 0.08
Germany	185	− 1.85	− 2.07, − 1.62
Finland	899	− 0.36	− 0.47, − 0.26
Child ethnic minority				0.049
No	3520		Reference
Yes	481	− 0.12	− 0.25, 0.000
First child				< 0.001
No	2303		Reference
Yes	1698	0.15	0.07, 0.23
Mother’s age at child’s birth°	4001	0.09	0.04, 0.13	< 0.001
Maternal Lifestyle variables^
Mother smokes				< 0.001
No	3728		Reference
Yes	273	− 0.32	− 0.47, − 0.16
Maternal post-partum depression^*				0.034
No	3686		Reference
Yes	315	− 0.15	− 0.29, − 0.01
Maternal reactions to child’s type 1 diabetes risk
Anxiety (SAI)^#	4001	− 0.06	− 0.10, − 0.02	0.002
Study-related variables
Maternal study satisfaction^¤	4001	0.06	0.04, 0.09	< 0.001
Father’s participation^§				< 0.001
No	303		Reference
Yes	3698	0.60	0.46, 0.74

Subject excluded: children islet autoantibody positive before 4 years of age. Long Distance Participation status was used as a covariate in the analysis.
°Mother’s age. In the analysis mother’s age/5 is used. ^Maternal lifestyle behaviors were assessed at child-age 9 months. *Postpartum depression was measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at child-age 6 months; scores ≥ 13 were considered indicative of depression. ^#Mothers anxiety was measured by SAI at child-age ≤ 15 months. In the analysis mothers SAI/SD is used. ^¤Mothers study satisfaction was measured at child-age ≤ 15 months. ^§Father’s study participation was measured at child-age 15 months

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