Fig. 1

Quercetin inhibited proliferation and migration of HEC-1-A cells. a Structure of quercetin. b Effect of quercetin on the proliferation of HEC-1-A cells. Cells were treated with quercetin for 24 or 48 h, then CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell proliferation rate (%), and the IC₅₀ was calculated. c PI/Calcein AM staining for HEC-1-A cells. Cells were treated with quercetin for 24 h, then stained and visualized under a fluorescent microscope. d Cell colony formation assay for HEC-1-A cells after treatment with quercetin at different concentrations. e Cell scratch assay for HEC-1-A cells. Cells were treated with quercetin for 72 h and photographed at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). ***p < 0.001 vs. Control